{"id":11687,"date":"2025-02-07T00:01:20","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T00:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/?p=11687"},"modified":"2025-02-07T00:09:30","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T00:09:30","slug":"dark-mode-design-practical-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/dark-mode-design-practical-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"How to design for dark mode: a practical guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode is an increasingly popular design choice\u2014and, for many everyday users of apps, websites, and smartphones, it\u2019s the preferred setting.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While dark mode might seem like a relatively modern trend, it actually stems from the very early days of computing. By default, some of the first computers featured black screens with green or amber text.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then, as technology evolved, light mode soon became the norm, with modern interfaces designed to emulate white paper.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, dark mode is very much back in vogue\u2014but it\u2019s more than just an aesthetic trend. Designing for dark mode can be crucial for enhancing user comfort and, in some cases, improving accessibility. As such, it\u2019s a key consideration in user experience design.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>But what exactly is dark mode? And how can designers ensure that they\u2019re getting it right?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider this your ultimate guide to designing for dark mode, complete with actionable tips, best practices, and real-world examples.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2><strong>What is dark mode design?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When it comes to using an app, website, or device like a smartphone or laptop, you usually have the option to choose between light mode and dark mode.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Light mode typically features darker text on a lighter background\u2014and it tends to be the default option with most digital interfaces. Dark mode, on the other hand, uses lighter coloured text and UI elements on a darker background colour.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take this example of the New York Times Games web app. By default, the app displays in light mode, but users can easily switch to dark mode in the settings menu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11688\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.26.00.png\" alt=\"Illustration to demonstrate white mode and dark mode.\" width=\"1228\" height=\"940\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode design is the process of designing user interfaces that are optimised for dark mode.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sounds simple enough, right? But it\u2019s not just a case of choosing a darker background colour and adding some white text. When designing for dark mode, you must think carefully about contrast, readability, accessibility, and overall visual appeal\u2014but more on that later.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, let\u2019s consider the benefits of dark mode and why it\u2019s become so popular.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why design for dark mode? (The main benefits)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Designers and users alike love dark mode, and not only because of its modern and sleek aesthetic. When used in the right context, dark mode can significantly improve the overall user experience.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode can help to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Alleviate eye strain for the user: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode emits less light than its brighter, more glaring counterpart (light mode), offering a softer, more gentle viewing experience. Many users find that this helps to reduce eye strain and is generally more comfortable.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reduce screen glare in dimly-lit environments: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019ve ever woken up in the middle of the night and reached for your phone without dimming the screen first, you\u2019ll know just how painful the sudden brightness can be. Dark mode helps to minimise the harsh contrast between the screen and the surrounding darkness\u2014making it much more pleasant for low-light settings.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enhance accessibility: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Users with visual impairments may find that dark mode improves contrast and readability. At the same time, users who are sensitive to bright light may find dark mode more comfortable and accessible.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those are the benefits\u2014but what about potential drawbacks? Are there any scenarios where dark mode should be avoided? Let\u2019s take a look.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11689\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.34.13.png\" alt=\"A stopwatch mobile app concept.\" width=\"1234\" height=\"926\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode design example: A stopwatch mobile app concept by Matt Wojta\u015b (source: <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/dribbble.com\/shots\/22286609--30-Mobile-App-Concept\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dribbble<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<section id=\"promotion\" class=\"promotion-content-raw inlinepromo inlinepromo_professional-diploma-in-ux-design-pdux-refreshp-1 my-4\" style=\"\">\n\t<div class=\"w-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12 promotion-info\">\n                <a class=\"link-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/courses\/ux-design?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=blog_panel_pdux_refresh&amp;utm_campaign=blog_promo\" style=\"\">\n                    <p>[GET UX CERTIFIED IN 2025]<\/p>\n                    <span>Take our new & improved UX Diploma<\/span>\n                <\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<h2><strong>When not to use dark mode (the potential drawbacks)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, dark mode may not be the most suitable design choice. If you\u2019re considering dark mode design for your next project, be sure to bear the following limitations in mind:<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>In brightly-lit settings, dark mode can increase eye strain: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In well-lit environments\u2014such as outdoors on a bright, sunny day, or in a well-lit room\u2014dark mode can make it difficult to view what\u2019s on the screen. As such, light mode is much more appropriate for bright light.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dark mode is not ideal for content-heavy applications: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the interface features long blocks of text, dark mode can cause issues with readability. This is especially problematic if you use insufficient contrast when designing for dark mode, and can also be impacted by font style and size.<\/span><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dark mode can reduce readability and accessibility for people with certain types of visual impairments: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Users with certain types of colour blindness or low vision may find that dark mode reduces readability and makes the product less accessible and enjoyable.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When designing for dark mode, it\u2019s important to balance the benefits against the potential drawbacks. Ideally, you\u2019ll give your users the choice between light and dark mode\u2014allowing them to flexibly switch back and forth depending on the context, environment, and their personal needs and preferences.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11692\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.37.13.png\" alt=\"A financial management app concept.\" width=\"1232\" height=\"924\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode design example: A financial management app concept by Bato Web Agency (source: <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/dribbble.com\/shots\/25186112-Financial-Management-App-Concept\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dribbble<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h2><strong>How to design for dark mode: actionable tips and best practices<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now we know what dark mode is and how it shapes the user experience, let\u2019s get to the practical matter of actually designing for dark mode.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. Steer clear of pure colours\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you start to design for dark mode, your first thought might be to place pure white text on a pure black background. However, using pure colours like this creates far too much contrast\u2014which can cause serious eye strain for the user.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So what can you do instead?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider dark grey for the background (e.g. #121212) and off-white for text (e.g. #E0E0E0).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For any primary and secondary colours in your colour scheme, opt for muted tones.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your colour palette usually features vivid pink (e.g. #FF007F), you\u2019d want to use a desaturated, more muted shade of pink for dark mode (e.g. #D96B8A). This would be ideal for buttons and highlights within the UI.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11694\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.44.57.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of colour palette\" width=\"1240\" height=\"690\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><strong>2. Ensure sufficient contrast<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contrast is crucial for readability and accessibility, so make sure you\u2019re achieving sufficient contrast between text and other UI elements (e.g. buttons) and the background.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) recommend a minimum contrast ratio of 4:5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for larger text (18pt or 14pt bold). Use the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/accessibleweb.com\/color-contrast-checker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WCAG Color Contrast Checker tool<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to check the contrast between different colour combinations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<section id=\"promotion\" class=\"promotion-content-raw inlinepromo inlinepromo_professional-diploma-in-ux-design-pdux-refreshp-1 my-4\" style=\"\">\n\t<div class=\"w-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12 promotion-info\">\n                <a class=\"link-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/courses\/ux-design?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=blog_panel_pdux_refresh&amp;utm_campaign=blog_promo\" style=\"\">\n                    <p>[GET UX CERTIFIED IN 2025]<\/p>\n                    <span>Take our new & improved UX Diploma<\/span>\n                <\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<h3><strong>3. Dial down on saturation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While bright, saturated colours look great in light mode, they\u2019re best avoided in dark mode design.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Highly saturated colours can appear overly intense and visually jarring when placed against a dark background\u2014and, if used for text, they\u2019ll pose a great problem for readability.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But dialling down on saturation doesn\u2019t necessarily mean you\u2019re limited to dull, drab colours\u2014it\u2019s just about softening your hues so that they\u2019re more cohesive and visually appealing within your dark UI.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re using a vibrant blue in light mode (e.g. #007BFF), for example,\u00a0 you might tone it down to a more subdued shade for dark mode (say, #357ABD).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11695\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.47.18.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of colour palette.\" width=\"1064\" height=\"896\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><strong>4. Avoid shadows; use highlights and gradients instead<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In light mode, you can apply shadows to various elements to create a sense of depth and guide the user\u2019s attention to certain components. However, this doesn\u2019t work so well in dark mode, where shadows will barely be visible against a dark background.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So what other options do you have?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try using subtle highlights or gradients instead. If you\u2019ve got a call-to-action button, for example, you might add a lighter coloured border to make sure it stands out and catches the user\u2019s attention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another option is to apply a faint outer glow to individual elements. This will make them appear as if they\u2019re slightly illuminated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To do this, apply an outer shadow to your chosen element, using a colour that complements the element\u2019s primary colour. Say you\u2019ve got a button in blue, for example, you\u2019d use a softer shade of that same blue for the outer glow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then adjust the shadow opacity so that the glow appears semi-transparent (say, 30% opacity), adjust the size so that the glow extends just a few pixels beyond the button\u2019s outer edges, and apply a blur effect.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11696\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.49.47.png\" alt=\"Fitness app design screenshot.\" width=\"1236\" height=\"912\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dark mode design example: Fitness app design by Paperpillar (source: <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/dribbble.com\/shots\/22793128-Fitness-App-Exploration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dribbble<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h3><strong>5. Optimise all text for readability\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/guide-to-typography-design\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typography<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can make or break your dark mode design, so it\u2019s essential that you style all text with care.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First and foremost, choose text colour wisely. For body text, lighter colours work best\u2014such as off-white or light grey. As we mentioned earlier, avoid using pure white (this can feel overly harsh on a dark background). For headings, you can use slightly brighter colours. This helps to create a clear visual hierarchy, guiding the user towards important content.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next, consider how different font weights can impact readability. You\u2019ll find that thin fonts appear faint in dark mode, making them hard to read. As such, it\u2019s better to use regular and medium weights for body text, and bold for headings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last but not least, play around with different font sizes and line spacing to optimise for clarity and readability.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>6. Provide a toggle to switch between light and dark mode<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earlier in this guide, we outlined the benefits of dark mode together with some potential drawbacks. Ultimately, there are some scenarios where dark mode makes sense, and others where light mode is preferable.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s therefore important that your users can move between light and dark mode quickly and easily. Provide a simple toggle in the settings menu, or directly within the interface, so that users can set their preferences with just one click.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This flexibility ensures that users get the best possible experience of your product, whether they\u2019re using it in bright sunlight or in a dimly-lit room.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11697\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Screenshot-2025-02-06-at-23.51.32.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1114\" height=\"646\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><strong>7. Test your UI across different devices and environments\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before you develop and launch your dark mode design, you must make sure that it performs as intended in different scenarios.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test your UI on a variety of devices, screen types, and sizes to make sure it\u2019s consistent across mobile, desktop, laptops, and tablets. And remember: you\u2019re not only checking for aesthetics here; you\u2019re primarily looking for optimal usability, readability, and accessibility.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the same time, see how your dark mode design fares in different lighting conditions. Test it in bright sunlight outdoors, in low lighting indoors, and in complete darkness.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you can confidently conclude that your dark mode design is functional, accessible, and visually appealing in all contexts, you can consider it a success.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Key takeaways\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nowadays, users expect to move flexibly between light and dark mode\u2014without compromising on functionality, accessibility, or aesthetics. As such, mastering the art of dark mode design is crucial if you want to create exceptional digital products and stellar user experiences.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When designing for dark mode, many of the same rules and processes apply: choosing appropriate colours, ensuring plenty of contrast, optimising text for readability, and rigorously testing your designs before you get them developed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Learn more about UX design<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Designing for dark mode is just one of the many considerations to keep in mind when creating apps, websites, and other types of digital products. For more practical guides and insights, check out the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/what-is-a-design-system\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is a design system and why is it useful?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/tips-for-product-design-sketches\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6 tips for improving your product design sketches<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/how-to-design-for-ai-first-products\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How to design for AI-first products<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more in-depth, hands-on training, check out the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/courses\/ux-design\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Professional Diploma in UX Design<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. You\u2019ll learn the full UX design process from start to finish, work on practical projects for your UX portfolio, and finish the course with an industry-recognised qualification. Learn more about the curriculum via the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/courses\/ux-design\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">course page<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or book a call with an education advisor.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn everything you need to know about dark mode design\u2014including the pros, cons, examples, and best practices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":11702,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[273],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-how-to-guides"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11687","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11687"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11687\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11731,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11687\/revisions\/11731"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uxdesigninstitute.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}